A horoscope is a chart of the astronomical positions of grahas at a given moment of time. The body of the horoscope consists of twelve houses which rule over all the conceivable aspects of an individual's life. Twelve houses are most important in Astrology.
The knowledge of the 12 houses and with special subjects according to the Shaastra.
I does not want to go into the basic astrological principles which I expects the student to learn from the standard, available, popular texts on the subject. I would only confine himself to the special areas of this subject. I would, however, like to very briefly touch on some of the important basic principles of this subject, especially about the components of the horoscope, which the student must arm himself with before proceeding further.
Houses: A horoscope is a chart of the astronomical positions of grahas at a given moment of time. The body of the horoscope consists of twelve houses which rule over all the conceivable aspects of an individual's life. The first house is called the lagna or the ascendant and is supposed to be the most important house of the horoscope. The grahas indicate their results depending on the nature of the lagna. In other words, the grahas are subservient to the lagna. Briefly, the twelve houses indicate the following:
First house (Lagna): Physical health, wealth, body, strength, longevity, head, brain, social stature, fame, character;
Second house: Finances, speech, inclinations, food, taste, immediate family members, eyes, vision, teeth, tongue, oral cavity;
Third house: Siblings, courage, physical fitness, hobbies, talent, longevity of parents, sports, neighborhood, dreams, ears, hearing, neck, longevity;
Fourth house: Home, mother, lands, houses, farming, comforts at home, vehicles, chest, lungs, breast, heart;
Fifth house: Progeny, learning, thinking, higher education, scholarship, fascinations, discrimination, speculation, heart, upper abdomen, liver, gall bladder, pregnancy;
Sixth house: Enemy, disease, accidents, injury, wounds, theft, loans, debts, quarrels, imprisonment, pets, servants, intestines, appendix, kidneys, tuberculosis, poisoning;
Seventh house: Spouse, sexual partner, marriage, adultery, lust or passion, sexual union, love affairs, business partners, attainment of status, lower urinary tract, prostate;
Eighth house: Longevity, death, obstacles, defeat, discontinuity, sin, killing a living being, nature or place of death, amputation, external genitalia, wickedness, intrigues, scandals, inheritance, hidden treasure;
Ninth house: Dharma; virtuous deeds, pilgrimage, religious inclination, destiny, father, preceptor, spiritual inclination, long journey, hips, thighs;
Tenth house: Karma, vocation, source of livelihood, government service, high status, royal honours, political power, knee joint;
Eleventh house: Gains, Earning, acquisitions, fulfilment of desires, longevity of mother, rewards, recognition, achievements, proficiency, legs, recovery from illness;
Twelfth house: Expenditure, loss of wealth, pleasures of the bed, loss of authority, distant travel, foreign lands, secret learning, emancipation, loss of sleep, hospitalization, mental imbalance, feet, death.
One needs to know further about the houses. They can be classed as follows:
Kendras: Houses 1 Aries, 4 Cancer, 7 Libra and 10 Capricorn;
Panapharas: Houses 2 Taurus, 5 Leo, 8 Scorpio and 11 Aquarius;
Apoklimas: Houses 3 Gemini, 6 Virgo, 9 Sagittarius and 12 Pisces;
Trikonas: Houses 1 Aries, 5 Leo and 9 Sagittarius;
Upachayas: Houses 3 Gemini, 6 Virgo, 10 Capricorn and 11 Aquarius;
Trika houses: Houses 6 Virgo, 8 Scorpio and 12 Pisces.
Rashis or Signs: The zodiac of 360 degrees is subdivided into twelve rashis or signs. Each rashi is an arc of 30 degrees on the zodiac. The names of the rashis, their English equivalents, their extent in the zodiac and their symbols are shown in table 2.
The rashi rising on the eastern horizon at a given moment of time is called the lagna or ascendant, and indicates the first house of the horoscope. These rashis have their own special characteristics which are important in prediction. Some of the important characteristics of rashis are being given here:
Table 2: Rashis, their extent and their symbols
Rashis English Name Extent
Mesha Aries 00= 30 Degree
Vrisha Taurus 300 - 60 Degree
Mithuna Gemini 600 = 90 Degree
Karka Cancer 900 - 120 Degree
Simha Leo 1200 - 150 Degree
Kanya Virgo 1500 - 180 Degree
Tula Libra 1800 - 210 Degree
Vrishchika Scorpio 2100 - 240 Degree
Dhanu Sagittarius 2400 - 270 Degree
Makara Capricorn 2700 - 300 Degree
Kumbha Aquarius 3000 - 330 Degree
Meena Pisces 3300 - 360 Degree
Gender:
Male: Odd rashis - 1 Aries, 3 Gemini, 5 Leo, 7 Libra, 9 Sagittarius and 11 Aquarius;
Female: Even rashis - 2 Taurus, 4 Cancer, 6 Virgo, 8 Scorpio, 10 Capricorn and 12 Pisces.
Movable or otherwise:
Chara/ Movable: Rashis 1 Aries, 4 Cancer, 7 Libra and 10 Capricorn.
Sthira/Fixed: Rashis 2 Taurus, 5 Leo, 8 Scorpio and 11 Aquarius.
Dwiswabhava/Mutable: Rashis 3 Gemini, 6 Virgo, 9 Sagittarius and 12 Pisces.
Directions:
East: Rashis 1 Aries, 5 Leo and 9 Sagittarius.
South: Rashis 2 Taurus, 6 Virgo and 10 Capricorn
West: Rashis 3 Gemini, 7 Libra and 11 Aquarius
North: Rashis 4 Cancer, 8 Scorpio and 12 Pisces.
Inherent nature:
Fiery: Rashis 1 Aries, 5 Leo and 9 Sagittarius.
Eathy: Rashis 2 Taurus, 6 Virgo and 10 Capricorn
Airy: Rashis 3 Gemini, 7 Libra and 11 Aquarius
Watery: Rashis 4 Cancer, 8 Scorpio and 12 Pisces.
Rashi Lords:
The twelve rashis, from Mesha to Meena, are owned respectively by Mars, Venus, Mercury, Moon, Sun, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Saturn and Jupiter.
Important considerations about grahas:
The grahas give results according to their inherent characteristics, their location, their strength or weakness, their associations, and whether they are retrograde or combust or otherwise. The specific mutual dispositions, grahas give rise to several yogas which modify their results for better or worse depending on the nature of their interactions. Some of the inherent characteristics of the grahas are being described here.
Lordship over rashis
The seven grahas, from the Sun to Saturn rule over the twelve rashis so that the Sun and the Moon own one rashi each while the remaining five grahas own two rashis each. Rahu and Ketu, having no physical existence, are generally not thought to rule over any sign.
The grahas rule over the twelve rashis are as follows:
The Sun rules over Simha ( Leo )
The Moon rules over Karka ( Cancer )
The Mars rules over Mesha and Vrischika ( Aries and Scorpio )
The Mercury rules over Mithuna and Kanya ( Gemini and Virgo )
The Jupiter rules over Dhanu and Meena ( Sagittarius and Pisces )
The Venus rules over Vrisha and Tula ( Taurus and Libra )
The Saturn rules over Makara and Kumbha ( Capricorn and Aquarius )
Essential nature of the Planets
Sattvika (good and noble): Sun, Moon, Jupiter;
Rajasika (active and just): Mercury, Venus;
Tamasika (dark and base): Mars, Saturn.
Social status of the Planets
King: Sun and Moon
Commander-in-Chief: Mars
Heir apparent: Mercury
Ministers: Jupiter and Venus;
Servant: Saturn;
Army: Rahu and Ketu.
Benefics and Malefics planets
Natural benefics: Moon, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus;
Natural malefics: Sun, Mars, Saturn, Rahu, Ketu.
An ill-associated Mercury and a weak Moon also tend to behave as malefics.
Exaltation, debilitation and Moola-Trikona
Grahas are strong and favourable when placed in their own houses or in their exaltation or in their Moola-Trikona signs. Exactly six signs away from their exaltation point is the debilitation point of the grahas. See Table 4.
Table 4: Exaltation, debilitation and Moola-Trikona of grahas.
Planet Exaltation Debilitation Mooltrikona
The Sun Aries 10° Libra 10° Leo 0°-20°
The Moon Taurus 30 Scorpio 30 Taurus 4°-20°
The Mars Capricorn 28° Cancer 28° Aries 0°-12°
The Mercury Virgo 15° Pisces 15° Virgo 16 -20°
The Jupiter Cancer 5° Capricorn 5° Sagittarius 0°-10°
The Venus Pisces 27° Virgo 27° Libra 0°-15°
The Saturn Libra 20° Aries 20° Aquarius 09-20°
Natural mutual relationship of grahas:
Grahas are naturally disposed as friends, enemies or equals toward other grahas. A graha's friends are its exaltation sign lord and the grahas that own houses 2, 12, 5, 9, 4 and 8 from its Moola-Trikona sign.
Table 5 shows the natural mutual relationship of grahas according to the above principle.
Table 5: Natural mutual relationship of grahas.
Planet Friends Enemies Neutrals
Sun Mon, Mars, Jup Ven, Sat Mer
Moon Sun, Mer — Mars, Jup, Ven, Sat
Mars Sun, Moon, Jup Mer Ven, Sat
Mercury Sun, Ven Moon Mar, Jup, Sat
Jupiter Sun, Moon, Mar Mer, Ven Sat.
Venus Mer, Sat Sun, Mon Mars, Jup
Saturn Mer, Ven Sun, Mon, Mar Jup
Combustion and retrogression:
Grahas that get too close to the Sun lose their lustre, their strength and their benevolence. They are labelled as combust. Their distances from the Sun when they become combust are as follows:
Moon: within 12° of the Sun;
Mars: within 17° of the Sun;
Mercury: within 14° of the Sun (within 12° if retrograde);
Jupiter: within 11° of the Sun;
Venus: within 10° of the Sun (within 8° if retrograde);
Saturn: within 15° of the Sun.
Grahas also sometimes appear to be moving in the reverse direction in the zodiac instead their usual west to east movement. Such grahas are called retrograde. The Sun and the Moon do not become retrograde while Rahu and Ketu are (almost) always retrograde. A retrograde graha tends to produce unexpected results and is generally adverse for health.
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